We all know transfers can either be hits or misses.
Some players take time to settle and others adapt easily to their new clubs, having an instant impact.
And the CIES Football Observatory have attempted to find out which summer moves have so far yielded the most value.
The Swiss statisticians have taken every player’s reported fee in the summer and their current estimated value – worked out by their own impressive algorithm – and calculated the best deals so far this year.
So, which stars have since the biggest increase in their value from their transfer fee in the summer? Find out below.
20. Jorginho (Napoli to Chelsea) – Value increase from fee – €18.2m
Reported fee – €57million
Current estimated value – €75.2million
19. Krzysztof Piatek (Cracovia to Genoa) – Value increase from fee – €18.4m
Reported fee – €4.5million
Current estimated value – €22.9million
18. Thilo Kehrer (Schalke to Paris Saint-Germain) – Value increase from fee – €18.5m
Reported fee – €37million
Current estimated value – €55.5million
17. Jonathan Ikone (Paris Saint-Germain to Lille) – Value increase from fee – €19.4m
Reported fee – €5million
Current estimated value – €24.4million
16. Felipe Anderson (Lazio to West Ham) – Value increase from fee – €19.9m
Reported fee – €37million
Current estimated value – €56.9million
15. Richarlison (Watford to Everton) – Value increase from fee – €20.2m
Reported fee – €56million
Current estimated value – €76.2million
14. Alban Lafont (Toulouse to Fiorentina) – Value increase from fee – €20.9m
Reported fee – €8.5million
Current estimated value – €29.4million
13. Alassane Plea (Nice to Borussia Monchengladbach) – Value increase from fee – €21.7m
Reported fee – €23million
Current estimated value – €44.7million
12. Cristiano Ronaldo (Real Madrid to Juventus) – Value increase from fee – €22.2m
Reported fee – €105million
Current estimated value – €127.2million
11. Clement Lenglet (Sevilla to Barcelona) – Value increase from fee – €27m
Reported fee – €35million
Current estimated value – €62million
10. Bryan Cristante (Atalanta to Roma) – Value increase from fee – €27.2m
Reported fee – €30million
Current estimated value – €57.2million
9. Thibaut Courtois (Chelsea to Real Madrid) – Value increase from fee – €29.5m
Reported fee – €40million
Current estimated value – €69.5million
8. Fabinho (Monaco to Liverpool) – Value increase from fee – €31.5m
Reported fee – €55million
Current estimated value – €86.5million
7. Alisson (Roma to Liverpool) – Value increase from fee – €33.1m
Reported fee – €72.5million
Current estimated value – €105.6million
6. Matteo Guendouzi (Lorient to Arsenal) – Value increase from fee – €34.2m
Reported fee – €9million
Current estimated value – €43.2million
5. Joao Cancelo (Valencia to Juventus) – Value increase from fee – €37.6m
Reported fee – €40.4million
Current estimated value – €78million
4. Fabian Ruiz (Real Betis to Napoli) – Value increase from fee – €40.1m
Reported fee – €30million
Current estimated value – €70.1million
3. Xherdan Shaqiri (Stoke City to Liverpool) – Value increase from fee – €40.3m
Reported fee – €14.7million
Current estimated value – €55.0million
2. Lucas Torreira (Sampdoria to Arsenal) – Value increase from transfer fee – €44.3m
Reported fee – €30million
Current estimated value – €74.3million
1. Rodri (Villarreal to Atletico Madrid) – Value increase from transfer fee – €45.1m
Reported fee – €25million
Current estimated value – €70.1million